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1 council-manager system
гос. упр., амер. система "совет-менеджер" (форма организации местного самоуправления, при которой выборный городской совет приглашает на должность руководителя муниципалитета профессионального управляющего, работающего полный рабочий день; менеджер самостоятельно набирает штат для управления городским хозяйством; впервые должность генерального менеджера была введена в г. Стонтон, штат Вирджиния в 1908 г.; в 1914 г. система была применена в более или менее крупном городе Дейтоне, штат Огайо; в настоящее время система применяется в большинстве средних городов (с населением от 25 до 500 тыс.))Syn:See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > council-manager system
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2 council-manager form
гос. упр., амер. = council-manager system -
3 council-manager plan
гос. упр., амер. = council-manager system -
4 commission system
гос. упр., амер. система "(городская) комиссия" (форма организации местного самоуправления, при которой и законодательная и исполнительная власть в городе сосредоточена в руках выборной комиссии (состоит, как правило, из трех, пяти или семи членов); члены комиссии (cmmissioners) коллективно принимают резолюции и постановления, взимают налоги и принимают решения об ассигновании средств; каждый комиссар осуществляет руководство каким-л. видом деятельности городских служб (полиция, пожарная охрана и т. п.); мэр, как правило, избирается из числа комиссии и не обладает ни правом вето, ни административными полномочиями, выходящими за пределы городского департамента; впервые система была применена между 1870 и 1891 г. рядом городов на юге страны (напр., Новый Орлеан, штат Техас, и Мобайл, штат Алабама), однако впоследствии эти города отказались от нее; в 1901 г. комиссию учредил Галвстон, штат Техас; по примеру Галвстона в 1907 г. комиссия была учреждена в г. Демойн, штат Айова, где система была несколько изменена и дополнена; в настоящее время используется редко)Syn:See:municipality, mayor-council system, strong-mayor system, council-manager system, weak-mayor system, town meeting, Des Moines plan* * * -
5 strong-mayor system
гос. упр., амер. система "сильный мэр " (форма организации местного самоуправления, при которой муниципальный устав наделяет мэра широкими исполнительскими полномочиями; система характерна для большинства современных крупных городов США)Syn:See: -
6 weak-mayor system
гос. упр., амер. система "слабый мэр " (форма организации местного самоуправления, свойственная крупным городам, при контрой полномочия мэра значительно ограничены и основную роль в управлении города играет городской совет; при такой системе мэр может избираться городским советом, а не всеобщим голосованием; система была характерна для американских городов в 19 веке)Syn:See: -
7 county-manager plan
модель управления "округ-управляющий"Форма самоуправления округа, при которой небольшой по составу совет определяет политику, а исполнительными функциями наделяется назначаемый администратор [manager, executive officer].English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > county-manager plan
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8 Des Moines plan
гос. упр., амер. система "(городская) комиссия" (форма организации местного самоуправления, представляющая собой модифицированную систему "городская комиссия"; учреждена в г. Демойн, штат Айова, в 1907 г.; кроме городской комиссии в систему включены законодательная инициатива, референдум, ходатайство об отзыве, непартийные выборы и система служебного роста на основе успехов и способностей служащих)See: -
9 form of government
1) гос. упр. форма правления (способ организации институтов высшей власти, принципы взаимодействия между ними и роль населения в их формировании)Syn:See:absolute government, bicameral government, parliamentary government, mixed government, presidential government 2), republican government, constitutional government, constitutional law, co-principality, mechanism of the government, territorial form of government2) гос. упр. форма местного управления (cпособ организации местных органов власти; принципы взаимодействия между главой муниципального образования и советом, а также способы учвстия местного населения в управлении территорией)See:municipal government, strong-mayor system, mayor-council system, weak-mayor system, council-manager system, commission system* * * -
10 representative assembly
гос. упр., амер. представительная ассамблея, представительное городское собрание (форма организации местного самоуправления, преимущественно в Новой Англии, представляющая собой развитие формы городского собрания; городские жители избирают определенное число граждан — обычно 100 или более, которые представляют их на городских собраниях; при этом любой избиратель может участвовать в работе и обсуждениях собрания, но без права голоса; представители с правом голоса могут быть избраны на исполнительную должность для осуществления постановлений)See:New England, New England town, direct democracy, bylaw, town meeting, mayor-council system, weak-mayor system, council-manager system, commission system, strong-mayor system* * *Англо-русский экономический словарь > representative assembly
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11 town meeting
гос. упр., амер. городское собрание (форма организации местного самоуправления, преимущественно в Новой Англии, состоящая в наделении полномочиями местного законодательного собрания всего электората административного района; ежегодное городское собрание собирает налоги, голосует за распределение средств, назначает исполнительных должностных лиц, утверждает постановления и т. п.)See: -
12 export
1. сущ.1) межд. эк. экспорт, вывоз, экспортирование (вывоз за границу товаров для продажи на внешних рынках и оказание услуг нерезидентам как за рубежом, так и на территории родной страны предоставляющей услуги компании)ATTRIBUTES:
COMBS:
military export — военный экспорт, экспорт военных товаров
export from Japan — экспорт [вывоз\] из Японии
export articles, articles of export — статьи [предметы\] экспорта [вывоза\]
volume of export(s) — объем экспорта (обычно о натуральных единицах: тоннах и т. п.)
Ant:exports of goods, exports of goods and services, exports of services, general exports, invisible export 2), merchandise export 2), net export, special exports, unrequited exports, visible export 2) COMBS: external debt/exports, balance of trade, balance of payments, trade deficit, trade surplus, merchandise deficit, merchandise surplus, services deficit, services surplusSee:capital export, direct export, export of counterrevolution, export of jobs, export of revolution, export of unemployment, indirect export, invisible export 1), merchandise export 1), service export, temporary export, visible export 1) certificate for export, country of export, propensity to export COMBS: Automated Export Reporting Program, debt-for-export swap, debt service-to-exports ratio, debt-to-export ratio, export-biased growth, Export Administration Regulations, Export Assistance Center, Export Enhancement Program, Export-Import Bank, export/import business, export-import company, export-import trade, Export Information System, export-led growth, Export Legal Assistance Network, export management company, export-oriented industrialization, export participation rate, export performance requirement, gold export point, import-export company, import-export trade, Targeted Export Assistance Program, Bank Export Services Act, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1) Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1. 1)2) межд. эк., преим. мн. статья [предмет\] экспорта [вывоза\] ( экспортируемый товар или услуга)Sugar and copra are the chief exports. — Сахар и копра являются главными статьями экспорта.
Ant:exports of goods, exports of goods and services, exports of services, general exports, invisible export 2), merchandise export 2), net export, special exports, unrequited exports, visible export 2) COMBS: external debt/exports, balance of trade, balance of payments, trade deficit, trade surplus, merchandise deficit, merchandise surplus, services deficit, services surplusSee:domestic exports, foreign exports, demand for exports, duty on exports, supply of exports, reexport 1. 2)3) мн., межд. эк., стат. объем [стоимость, сумма\] экспорта (стоимость или количество экспортированных товаров; также название разделов в статистической или финансовой отчетности, в которых отражается информация о величине экспорта за период)Balance of trade is the difference between a country’s total imports and exports. — Сальдо торгового баланса определяется как разница между общей суммой импорта и экспорта.
Ant:exports of goods, exports of goods and services, exports of services, general exports, invisible export 2), merchandise export 2), net export, special exports, unrequited exports, visible export 2) COMBS: external debt/exports, balance of trade, balance of payments, trade deficit, trade surplus, merchandise deficit, merchandise surplus, services deficit, services surplusSee:exports of goods, exports of goods and services, exports of services, general exports, invisible export 2), merchandise export 2), net export, special exports, unrequited exports, visible export 2) COMBS: external debt/exports, balance of trade, balance of payments, trade deficit, trade surplus, merchandise deficit, merchandise surplus, services deficit, services surplus4) комп. экспорт, экспортирование (перенос текстовой информации, графических объектов и т. п. из данного файла или программного приложения в другой файл/приложение)Ant:exports of goods, exports of goods and services, exports of services, general exports, invisible export 2), merchandise export 2), net export, special exports, unrequited exports, visible export 2) COMBS: external debt/exports, balance of trade, balance of payments, trade deficit, trade surplus, merchandise deficit, merchandise surplus, services deficit, services surplus2. гл.1) межд. эк. вывозить, экспортировать ( продавать товары за границу)The company exports mainly to the US, Japan, Canada and Asia. — Компания экспортирует преимущественно в США, Японию, Канаду и Азию.
Ant:exportation 2)See:2) комп. экспортировать (переносить информацию из данного файла или программного приложения в другой файл/приложение)Ant:exportation 2)See:exportation 2)3. прил.межд. эк. экспортный, вывозной ( относящийся к экспорту)export policy — экспортная политика, политика в области экспорта
Ant:Automated Export System, District Export Council, export advertising, export agent, export bias, export bill of lading, export bonus, export bounty, export broker, export business, export capacity, export cartel, export clearance, export competition, export concentration, export contract, export control, export credit, export crediting, export declaration, export demand, export department, export disincentives, export distributor, export documents, export duty, export earnings, export elasticity, export entry, export factoring, export finance, export financing, export gold point, export house, export incentives, export industry, export insurance, export invoice, export leasing, export letter of credit, export licence, export licensing, export limitation, export manager, export market, export marketing, export merchant, export multiplier, export permit, export pessimism, export platform, export potential, export price, export prices, export pricing, Export Processing Zone, export producer, export products, export promotion, export propensity, export quota, export rate, export refunds, export regulation, export restitution, export restraints, export restrictions, Export Revolving Line of Credit, export risk, export sales, export specialization, export specie point, export statistics, export subsidization, export subsidy, export supply, export surplus, export tariff, export tax, export trade, export trading company, export transaction, export turnover, Export Yellow PagesSee:Automated Export System, District Export Council, export advertising, export agent, export bias, export bill of lading, export bonus, export bounty, export broker, export business, export capacity, export cartel, export clearance, export competition, export concentration, export contract, export control, export credit, export crediting, export declaration, export demand, export department, export disincentives, export distributor, export documents, export duty, export earnings, export elasticity, export entry, export factoring, export finance, export financing, export gold point, export house, export incentives, export industry, export insurance, export invoice, export leasing, export letter of credit, export licence, export licensing, export limitation, export manager, export market, export marketing, export merchant, export multiplier, export permit, export pessimism, export platform, export potential, export price, export prices, export pricing, Export Processing Zone, export producer, export products, export promotion, export propensity, export quota, export rate, export refunds, export regulation, export restitution, export restraints, export restrictions, Export Revolving Line of Credit, export risk, export sales, export specialization, export specie point, export statistics, export subsidization, export subsidy, export supply, export surplus, export tariff, export tax, export trade, export trading company, export transaction, export turnover, Export Yellow Pages
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экспорт: вывоз (продажа) товаров и услуг за границу, в отличие от операций с национальными покупателями.* * *. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *вывоз товаров, капиталов или услуг за границу для реализации на внешних рынках -
13 national
1. прил.1) общ. национальный, общенациональный, народный (относящийся к данной стране, народу в целом; в отличие от местного, регионального, международного)national law — национальное [внутригосударственное\] право
Syn:See:international, transnational, supranational, domestic, national accordance, national account, national accounts, national affairs, national administration 2), national advertising, national agreement, national assent, National Automated Accounting Research System, national bank 2), national bolshevism, national brand, national campaign, national central bank, National Change of Address, national character, national communism, national communist, National Competition Policy, national competitive bidding, national consent, national consumption, National Counterintelligence Executive, national currency, National Development Bond, National Disability Development Initiative, national distribution, national distributor, national economic accounting, national economics, National Exchange Market System, national firm, National Flood Insurance Program, national government, national harmony, national idea, national identity, national income, National Institutional Delivery System, National Insurance, national interest, national launch, national legitimacy, national market, national marketer, national marketing, national minimum wage, national nominating convention, national non-domestic rate, national numbering agency, national origins system, national origins quota system, national ownership 2), national patent, national patent law, national policy, national policy, national politics, national product, national promotion, National Public Accountant, national question, national reconciliation, national retailer, national sales force, national sales manager, national savings, National Secretary's Day, national security, national self-consciousness, national self-determination, national service, National Socialism, national sovereignty, national tax policy, national taxes, national trademark, national treatment, National Vocation Qualification, national wealth, national wholesaler, National Westminster Bank Ltd. v. 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National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers2) общ. государственный (финансируемый и/или контролируемый государством; в отличие от частного)national library — государственная [национальная\] библиотека
See:national administration 1), national bank 1), national curriculum, national debt, national ownership 1), national property, national treasury, National Archives and Records Administration, National Cemetery Administration2. сущ.общ. подданный, гражданин (какого-л. государства)fellow nationals, one's own nationals — сограждане, соотечественники
See:specially designated national, Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States, resident 2. 2)
* * *
1) национальный, относящийся к данному государству, народу; 2) внутренний, в отличие от международного. -
14 office
управление; департамент; комитет; отдел; бюро; секретариат, канцелярия; разг. кабина экипажаJoint Service Cruise Missile Program [Project] office — объединенное управление разработки КР (для ВВС и ВМС)
office of Information, Navy — информационное управление ВМС
office of Research, Development and Evaluation — управление НИОКР ВМС
office of the Chief, Army Reserve — управление резерва СВ
office of the Comptroller, Navy — управление главного финансового инспектора ВМС
office of the Deputy COFS for Research, Development and Acquisition — управление заместителя НШ по НИОКР и закупкам (СВ)
office, Aerospace Research — управление воздушно-космических исследований
office, Analysis and Review — управление анализа и контроля потребностей
office, Armor Force Management and Standardization — управление по вопросам администрации и стандартизации бронетанковых войск
office, Assistant COFS for Force Development — управление ПНШ по строительству ВС
office, Assistant COFS for Intelligence — управление ПНШ по разведке
office, Assistant COFS — управление [отдел] ПНШ
office, Assistant Secretary of Defense — аппарат [секретариат] ПМО
office, Chief of Chaplains — управление начальника службы военных священников (СВ)
office, Chief of Civil Affairs — управление по связям с гражданской администрацией и населением
office, Chief of Engineers — управление начальника инженерных войск
office, Chief of Finance (and Accounting) — управление начальника финансовой службы (СВ)
office, Chief of Legislative Liaison — отдел связи с законодательными органами
office, Chief of Ordnance — управление начальника артиллерийско-технической службы (СВ)
office, Chief of R&D — управление НИОКР (СВ)
office, Chief of Transportation — управление [отдел] начальника транспортной службы
office, Chief, Chemical Corps — управление начальника химической службы
office, COFS for Operations — оперативное управление НШ
office, COFS, Army — аппарат НШ СВ
office, Consolidated Personnel — управление гражданских рабочих и служащих
office, Coordinator of Army Studies — управление координатора разработок СВ
office, Defense Transportation — управление военно-транспортной службы
office, Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, Air Warfare — управление заместителя НШ ВМС по боевому применению авиации
office, Deputy COFS for Aviation — отдел заместителя НШ по авиации (МП)
office, Deputy COFS for Installations and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по расквартированию и тыловому обеспечению
office, Deputy COFS for Manpower — управление заместителя НШ по людским ресурсам
office, Deputy COFS for Operations and Training — управление заместителя НШ по оперативной и боевой подготовке
office, Deputy COFS for Plans and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по планированию тылового обеспечения
office, Development and Engineering — отдел технических разработок (ЦРУ)
office, Development and Weapon Systems Analysis — управление разработки и анализа систем вооружения
office, Director of Development Planning — управление планирования строительства (ВВС)
office, Director of Foreign Intelligence — управление начальника внешней разведки
office, Distribution Services — отдел распределения и рассылки картографических изданий (МО)
office, Economic Research — отдел экономических исследований (ЦРУ)
office, Emergency Transportation — управление чрезвычайных перевозок
office, Employment Policy and Grievance Review — отдел по вопросам занятости и рассмотрению жалоб (СВ)
office, Federal Procurement Policy — управление разработки федеральной политики в области закупок
office, Force Planning and Analysis — управление планирования и анализа строительства ВС
office, General Council — управление генерального юрисконсульта
office, Geographic and Cartographic Research — отдел географических и картографических исследований (ЦРУ)
office, Imagery Analysis — отдел анализа видовой информации (ЦРУ)
office, Information and Legal Affairs — управление информации и права (МО)
office, Information for. the Armed Forces — управление информации ВС
office, JCS — аппарат КНШ
office, Judge Advocate General — управление начальника военно-юридической службы
office, Management and Budget — административно-бюджетное управление
office, Military Assistance — управление по оказанию военной помощи
office, Personnel Manager — отдел кадров (СВ)
office, Services and Information Agency — отдел управления информационного обеспечения
office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Army Aircraft — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО армейской авиации
office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Tactical Communications — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО тактических систем связи
office, the Inspector General — управление генерального инспектора
office, the Legislative Affairs — управление военного законодательства
office, Under Secretary of Navy — аппарат заместителя министра ВМС
office, Under Secretary of the Air Force — аппарат заместителя министра ВВС
Personnel, Plans and Training office — отдел по вопросам ЛС, планирования и боевой подготовки
Strategic Objectives [Targets] Planning office — управление планирования стратегических задач (КНШ)
Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Night Observation System office — управление разработки систем наблюдения, засечки целей и ПНВ
— Resources Management office -
15 administrator
сущ.сокр. admin1) упр. администратор, руководитель, управляющийboard of administrators — дирекция, административный совет
The governor of the province has to be a good administrator. — Губернатор провинции должен быть хорошим управленцем.
The council has appointed too many administrators and not enough ordinary clerical staff. — Совет назначил слишком много руководителей и недостаточное количество рядовых сотрудников.
Syn:manager 1)See:administratrix, Administrator of General Services, assistant administrator, associate administrator, city administrator, claim administrator, claims administrator, co-administrator, contract administrator, data processing administrator, data-processing administrator, deputy administrator, education administrators, employee relations administrator, insurance claim administrator, insurance claims administrator, pension administrator, pension plan administrator, pensions administrator, plan administrator, public administrator, regulatory administrator, system administrator, third party administrator, training administrator, wage and salary administrator, zoning administrator, board of administrators, office manager, Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators, operations manager, managing director2) юр. судебный распорядитель; попечитель, управляющий имуществом (любое лицо, назначенное, в соответствии с решением суда или частным соглашением, управлять собственностью другого лица)See:administratrix, administrative receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidator, administration order, co-administrator 1)3) юр. душеприказчик, распорядитель наследства, управляющий наследством (лицо, назначенное судом для урегулирования дел о наследовании; суд назначает душеприказчиков в тех случаях, когда: 1) умерший не оставил завещания, 2) оставленное завещание признано недействительным, 3) в оставленном завещании не указан исполнитель завещания, 4) указанный завещателем душеприказчик по каким-л. причинам не может исполнить возложенные на него обязанности)See:
* * *
администратор: 1) лицо, назначенное судом для урегулирования дела о наследовании в случае отсутствия завещания или исполнителя воли умершего (для исполнения решения суда); 2) лицо, назначенное судом для выправления дел компании на грани банкротства ( Великобритания); 3) менеджер, управляющий; 4) лицо, отвечающее в компании за хозяйственные и организационные вопросы.* * *распорядитель; администратор; делопроизводитель; управляющий конкурсной массой; арбитражный управляющий; конкурсный управляющий; ликвидатор; администратор наследства. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *всякое лицо, назначенное судом либо частным договором для управления имуществом другого лица
См. также в других словарях:
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